![]() The results showed that the concentration of Pb in lip products ranged from 0 to 0.5237 mg/kg, which was far lower than the limit set by various countries. Finally, taking the possible exposure of children contacting with lip products, the health risk assessment of children blood Pb was carried out. Furthermore, the ingestion health risk assessment method issued by United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) and Monte Carlo simulation algorithm were applied to assess the probabilistic health risks of adults exposure. And then this study used ICP-MS to determine the content of Pb. To investigate the Pb exposure and potential health risk level of typical popular lip cosmetics in Chinese e-commerce market, Python crawler was introduced to identify and select 34 typical popular lip cosmetics, including 12 lipsticks, 13 lip glosses, and 9 lip balms. Lead (Pb) in lipstick products has become an increasing concern, which can cause safety problems to human body directly with diet. 4Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.3Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan, China. ![]() 2School of Business Administration, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan, China.1Research Center for Environment and Health, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan, China.Yanan Li 1,2, Yanyan Fang 1,3, Zehua Liu 1,3, Yahan Zhang 1,3, Kangli Liu 1, Luping Jiang 1,2, Boyuan Yang 1,3, Yongdie Yang 3, Yongwei Song 3 and Chaoyang Liu 1,3,4 *
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